Vista Equipo: Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time

Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time

Contact of chlorine with organic matter can produce disinfection byproducts such as Trihalomethanes (THMs). These compounds are considered to be hazardous to health and their formation is influenced by pH, temperature, type of organic matter, dose of chlorine and reaction time. However, given the co...

Descripción completa

Autores Principales:	Araya-Obando, Andrés, Jones-Sánchez, Mark, Romero-Esquivel, Luis G
Formato:	Artículo
Idioma:	Español
Publicado:	Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica (entidad editora) 2019
Materias:	THMs prediction models water for human consumption distribution systems tracer test modelos de predicción agua de consumo humano sistemas de distribución ensayos con trazadores.
Acceso en línea:	https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/tec_marcha/article/view/4126 https://hdl.handle.net/2238/11858

id	RepoTEC11858
recordtype	dspace
spelling	RepoTEC118582020-09-25T23:12:09Z Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time Modelos de predicción de Trihalometanos en redes de distribución de agua: determinación de tiempos medios de residencia Araya-Obando, Andrés Jones-Sánchez, Mark Romero-Esquivel, Luis G THMs prediction models water for human consumption distribution systems tracer test THMs modelos de predicción agua de consumo humano sistemas de distribución ensayos con trazadores. Contact of chlorine with organic matter can produce disinfection byproducts such as Trihalomethanes (THMs). These compounds are considered to be hazardous to health and their formation is influenced by pH, temperature, type of organic matter, dose of chlorine and reaction time. However, given the costs associated with laboratory analyzes, mechanical and statistical models are commonly used for their prediction. Nevertheless, the determination of the mean residence time (TMR) in distribution networks requires computational tools that demand time and investment, so it is necessary to consider other methods for their estimation. In this sense, the present article emphasizes into the main aspects that must be considered for the construction of a prediction model, as well as the analysis of two calculation methods for the determination of TMR in distribution networks using tracers. For the latter, tests were carried out on a pilot scale distribution network made up of 12 mm diameter PVC pipes. Sodium chloride was used as a tracer by continuous addition. TMRs were determined at two sampling points and a difference of 2.40% and 3.31% respectively were obtained, demonstrating that both calculations methods are precise and easily understood. Finally, it is concluded that the models constructed from multiple regressions can be potentially used in Costa Rica, since they can be constructed simply from local conditions. El contacto del cloro con la materia orgánica puede producir subproductos de desinfección tales como los Trihalometanos (THMs). Estos compuestos son considerados de riesgo para la salud y su formación se ve influenciada por el pH, temperatura, tipo de materia orgánica, dosis del desinfectante y el tiempo de reacción. No obstante, dados los costos asociados a los análisis en laboratorio, comúnmente se utilizan modelos mecánicos y estadísticos para su predicción. Sin embargo, la determinación del tiempo medio de residencia (TMR) en las redes de distribución requiere de herramientas computacionales que demandan tiempo e inversión por lo que es necesario considerar otros métodos para su estimación. En ese sentido, el presente artículo profundiza en los principales aspectos que se deben considerar para la construcción de un modelo de predicción, así como en el análisis de dos métodos de cálculo para la determinación del TMR en redes de distribución empleando trazadores. Para esto último, se hicieron pruebas en una red de distribución a escala piloto conformada por tuberías de PVC de 12 mm de diámetro. Se utilizó cloruro de sodio como trazador mediante adición continua. Se determinaron los TMR en dos puntos de muestreo y se obtuvo una diferencia de 2,40% y 3,31% respectivamente, demostrando que son dos métodos precisos y de fácil comprensión. Finalmente, se concluye que los modelos construidos a partir de regresiones múltiples pueden ser potencialmente utilizados en Costa Rica, dado que se pueden construir de manera sencilla a partir de condiciones locales.   2019-03-02 2020-09-25T23:12:09Z 2020-09-25T23:12:09Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/tec_marcha/article/view/4126 10.18845/tm.v32i1.4126 https://hdl.handle.net/2238/11858 spa https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/tec_marcha/article/view/4126/3731 application/pdf Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica (entidad editora) Tecnología en marcha Journal; 2019: Vol. 32 Núm. 1: Enero-Marzo 2019; Pág 167-178 Revista Tecnología en Marcha; 2019: Vol. 32 Núm. 1: Enero-Marzo 2019; Pág 167-178 2215-3241 0379-3982
institution	Tecnológico de Costa Rica
collection	Repositorio TEC
language	Español
topic	THMs prediction models water for human consumption distribution systems tracer test THMs modelos de predicción agua de consumo humano sistemas de distribución ensayos con trazadores.
spellingShingle	THMs prediction models water for human consumption distribution systems tracer test THMs modelos de predicción agua de consumo humano sistemas de distribución ensayos con trazadores. Araya-Obando, Andrés Jones-Sánchez, Mark Romero-Esquivel, Luis G Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
description	Contact of chlorine with organic matter can produce disinfection byproducts such as Trihalomethanes (THMs). These compounds are considered to be hazardous to health and their formation is influenced by pH, temperature, type of organic matter, dose of chlorine and reaction time. However, given the costs associated with laboratory analyzes, mechanical and statistical models are commonly used for their prediction. Nevertheless, the determination of the mean residence time (TMR) in distribution networks requires computational tools that demand time and investment, so it is necessary to consider other methods for their estimation. In this sense, the present article emphasizes into the main aspects that must be considered for the construction of a prediction model, as well as the analysis of two calculation methods for the determination of TMR in distribution networks using tracers. For the latter, tests were carried out on a pilot scale distribution network made up of 12 mm diameter PVC pipes. Sodium chloride was used as a tracer by continuous addition. TMRs were determined at two sampling points and a difference of 2.40% and 3.31% respectively were obtained, demonstrating that both calculations methods are precise and easily understood. Finally, it is concluded that the models constructed from multiple regressions can be potentially used in Costa Rica, since they can be constructed simply from local conditions.
format	Artículo
author	Araya-Obando, Andrés Jones-Sánchez, Mark Romero-Esquivel, Luis G
author_sort	Araya-Obando, Andrés
title	Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
title_short	Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
title_full	Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
title_fullStr	Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
title_full_unstemmed	Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
title_sort	trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time
publisher	Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica (entidad editora)
publishDate	2019
url	https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/tec_marcha/article/view/4126 https://hdl.handle.net/2238/11858
_version_	1796138582748954624
score	12.041648

Trihalomethane prediction modelling in water distribution systems: calculation of the mean residence time

Ejemplares similares