“Evaluación de la estructura forestal del ecosistema Manglar en el Manchón Guamuchal”

Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the area covered by Manchón Guamuchal; wetland of great importance as it is the largest coastal marine ecosystem in Guatemala; because of its importance, it was declared a Special Protection Area in 1998 and is part of the Convention on...

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Autor Principal: Hernández Lanuza, Catherin Yulisa
Formato: Tesis
Idioma: Español
Publicado: 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea: http://www.repositorio.usac.edu.gt/17045/
http://www.repositorio.usac.edu.gt/17045/1/INVESTIGACI%C3%93N%20FINAL%202020.pdf
Sumario: Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the area covered by Manchón Guamuchal; wetland of great importance as it is the largest coastal marine ecosystem in Guatemala; because of its importance, it was declared a Special Protection Area in 1998 and is part of the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (RAMSAR) since 1995; It is located in the municipal distrits of La Blanca, San Marcos and Retalhuleu, Retalhuleu. The research focused on generating information on the diversity of mangrove species, estimating the rates of alpha, beta and the average annual increase to evaluate the forest structure of Manchón Guamuchal. As a starting point, for the methodology 29 permanent rectangular plots of 300 m² and 500 m² were used that have measurements of the different dasometric variables in the period from 2012 to 2018 to determine the average annual increase and thus be able to calculate the diversity of tree species in each locality; The methodology included the analysis of the plots measured in 2017; whose information was provided by the National Forest Institute (INAB), Region IX. From the analysis of data obtained, it was determined that the Manchón Guamuchal mangrove ecosystem in alpha diversity has a high richness due to its species variability, which influences the interaction of the mangrove forest with the dry forest. In the beta diversity Manchón Guamuchal has pure forests obtaining a dominant Rhizophora mangle L. species, so there are plots of only this same species. The average annual increases in the Manchón Guamuchal mangrove forest estimated for the town of La Blanca are 0.74 cm in Height of the Chest Diameter (DAP), an average volume of 2.80 m³ per hectare / year and a density of 907 trees per hectare. The average annual increases for the town of Retalhuleu are 0.98 cm of DAP, average volume of 2.14 m³ per hectare / year and a density of 53 trees per hectare. The results of the average annual increase allow us to understand that La Blanca has a high density, this is due to the fact that the mangrove has heliophyte characteristics that allow a greater abundance of natural regeneration to occur in the forest at the time of opening the canopies.